Horizontal Validation results comparing model output against observations.

Experiment Information

Area: NS Experiment: Adaptive_2 Validation Type: Horizontal Validation Variables:

ICES Point Profiles

Statistics

PSAL

MetricICES point observations
RMSE2.6006
Bias+0.5477
MAE1.2463
Corr0.9533
Model mean32.7196
Obs mean32.1719
View Full Statistics Report
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PSAL Profile Validation Statistics
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  Format:     1.1
  Created:    2026-05-04 11:35:41
  Area:         NS
  Experiment:   Adaptive_2
################################################################################

================================================================================
Period: 2016-2023  |  Model: pyGETM
================================================================================
Analysed: 2026-05-04  12:35:46

--- ICES point observations ---
  RMSE:          2.6006
  Bias:         +0.5477
  MAE:           1.2463
  Correlation:   0.9533
  N points:      2,236,727
  N profiles:    27,980
  Model mean:   32.7196
  Obs mean:     32.1719
  Model std:    4.4828
  Obs std:      6.4252

  Error distribution:
    Min:         -17.2593
    5th pct:      -1.2089
    25th pct:     -0.5187
    Median:       -0.1690
    75th pct:     +0.1343
    95th pct:     +7.3084
    Max:         +33.6466

  Statistics by depth:
  Depth               N        Bias        RMSE      Corr
  ------------------------------------------------------
  0-10m         391,112     +3.2676      5.2989    0.9250
  10-25m        411,753     +0.7546      2.7957    0.9535
  25-50m        407,304     -0.2225      1.3425    0.9563
  50-100m       463,301     -0.3469      0.5548    0.5939
  100-200m      324,019     -0.2533      0.3624    0.5883
  200-500m      224,437     -0.1277      0.1848    0.6149
  500-1000m      14,801     -0.1068      0.1311    0.5827

📄 Download Statistics Report (txt) · 📄 YAML

TEMP

MetricICES point observations
RMSE1.5284
Bias-0.3879
MAE1.0692
Corr0.9138
Model mean8.9493
Obs mean9.3372
View Full Statistics Report
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TEMP Profile Validation Statistics
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  Format:     1.1
  Created:    2026-05-04 11:34:22
  Area:         NS
  Experiment:   Adaptive_2
################################################################################

================================================================================
Period: 2016-2023  |  Model: pyGETM
================================================================================
Analysed: 2026-05-04  12:34:27

--- ICES point observations ---
  RMSE:          1.5284
  Bias:         -0.3879
  MAE:           1.0692
  Correlation:   0.9138
  N points:      2,246,093
  N profiles:    25,958
  Model mean:   8.9493
  Obs mean:     9.3372
  Model std:    3.6161
  Obs std:      3.4742

  Error distribution:
    Min:         -11.8202
    5th pct:      -2.8408
    25th pct:     -1.0480
    Median:       -0.3695
    75th pct:     +0.3525
    95th pct:     +1.7657
    Max:         +12.0630

  Statistics by depth:
  Depth               N        Bias        RMSE      Corr
  ------------------------------------------------------
  0-10m         390,978     +0.2433      1.6008    0.9574
  10-25m        413,973     -0.3783      1.9878    0.9004
  25-50m        409,705     -1.0819      1.9186    0.8197
  50-100m       465,700     -0.7511      1.3013    0.6788
  100-200m      325,739     -0.2690      0.7751    0.4701
  200-500m      225,197     +0.2556      0.6702    0.3072
  500-1000m      14,801     +0.9022      1.0292    0.0510

📄 Download Statistics Report (txt) · 📄 YAML

Plots

Practical Salinity — statistics vs depth profile Practical Salinity — statistics vs depth profile

Temperature — statistics vs depth profile Temperature — statistics vs depth profile

Argo Float Profiles

Statistics

PSAL

MetricARGO floats
RMSE0.6837
Bias-0.2363
MAE0.4462
Corr0.6854
Model mean34.5924
Obs mean34.8287
View Full Statistics Report
################################################################################
PSAL Profile Validation Statistics
################################################################################
  Format:     1.1
  Created:    2026-05-04 13:40:20
  Area:         NS
  Experiment:   Adaptive_2
################################################################################

================================================================================
Period: 2016-2023  |  Model: pyGETM
================================================================================
Analysed: 2026-05-04  21:09:54

--- ARGO floats ---
  RMSE:          0.6837
  Bias:         -0.2363
  MAE:           0.4462
  Correlation:   0.6854
  N points:      9,276
  N profiles:    38
  Model mean:   34.5924
  Obs mean:     34.8287
  Model std:    0.5314
  Obs std:      0.8760

  Error distribution:
    Min:         -1.3657
    5th pct:      -0.8918
    25th pct:     -0.5115
    Median:       -0.2966
    75th pct:     -0.1065
    95th pct:     +0.3630
    Max:         +6.7330

  Statistics by depth:
  Depth               N        Bias        RMSE      Corr
  ------------------------------------------------------
  0-10m             190     +1.4830      2.3301    0.6245
  10-25m            537     +0.5920      1.5942    0.4818
  25-50m            861     -0.3423      0.8207    0.5565
  50-100m         1,730     -0.5494      0.6531    0.5777
  100-200m        2,809     -0.3626      0.4193    0.6424
  200-500m        2,938     -0.1741      0.2078   -0.3555
  500-1000m         211     -0.0785      0.0803    0.7182

📄 Download Statistics Report (txt) · 📄 YAML

TEMP

MetricARGO floats
RMSE1.0642
Bias-0.2121
MAE0.6645
Corr0.8949
Model mean8.4450
Obs mean8.6571
View Full Statistics Report
################################################################################
TEMP Profile Validation Statistics
################################################################################
  Format:     1.1
  Created:    2026-05-04 13:40:18
  Area:         NS
  Experiment:   Adaptive_2
################################################################################

================================================================================
Period: 2016-2023  |  Model: pyGETM
================================================================================
Analysed: 2026-05-04  21:09:52

--- ARGO floats ---
  RMSE:          1.0642
  Bias:         -0.2121
  MAE:           0.6645
  Correlation:   0.8949
  N points:      9,276
  N profiles:    38
  Model mean:   8.4450
  Obs mean:     8.6571
  Model std:    1.4181
  Obs std:      2.0979

  Error distribution:
    Min:         -5.8034
    5th pct:      -2.4540
    25th pct:     -0.5205
    Median:       +0.0542
    75th pct:     +0.3214
    95th pct:     +1.0542
    Max:         +3.5171

  Statistics by depth:
  Depth               N        Bias        RMSE      Corr
  ------------------------------------------------------
  0-10m             190     -0.9143      1.3495    0.9317
  10-25m            537     -1.0309      1.7491    0.8264
  25-50m            861     -1.2504      2.2038    0.7551
  50-100m         1,730     -0.5697      1.3249    0.7442
  100-200m        2,809     -0.0726      0.3876    0.8032
  200-500m        2,938     +0.2642      0.4440    0.0286
  500-1000m         211     +1.1835      1.1858    0.3587

📄 Download Statistics Report (txt) · 📄 YAML

Plots

Argo float profile overview (NE Atlantic) Argo float profile overview (NE Atlantic)

NA_ARGO — Hovmöller diagram NA_ARGO — Hovmöller diagram

Na Argo Overview Na Argo Overview

Practical Salinity — statistics vs depth profile Practical Salinity — statistics vs depth profile

Temperature — statistics vs depth profile Temperature — statistics vs depth profile

Observations

ARGO Observations — 2016-2023

ARGO Station Map ARGO Station Map

ARGO Observation Density ARGO Observation Density

ARGO Hovmoller ARGO Hovmoller

ICES Observations — 2016-2023

ICES Station Map ICES Station Map

ICES Observation Density ICES Observation Density

ICES PSAL Hovmoller ICES PSAL Hovmoller

ICES TEMP Hovmoller ICES TEMP Hovmoller

Methodology

ICES Point Profiles

Quality-controlled hydrographic profiles from the ICES data portal (temperature, salinity, biogeochemical variables).

Argo Float Profiles

Autonomous profiling floats providing temperature and salinity profiles to 2000 m depth (Ifremer ERDDAP).

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